Principles Of Informed Consent For Patients With Acute...

Fidelity It is a principle that pertains keeping promises, especially by the physician or nurses, made by a patient. It requires telling the truth, being loyal, and advocating for the patients (Ethics Resource Center, 2009). It encourages the commitment of health care providers to the consent of the patient using their highest level of knowledge and skills, for example, commitment to provide end of life care for patients with acute illness, i.e., palliative care with no medication (Fowler Hammer, 2013). Beneficence and non-maleficence Beneficence is a principle of well-doing and advocating for patients while non-maleficence is for avoiding harm or injury to patients. (Phang, 2014; Baeuchamp Childress, 2009). Both are indirect†¦show more content†¦In the US, the initial system concentrated on physician knowledge about an intervention and not the patient requirement, i.e., the physician was to decide the best practice as well as information to disclose to a patient. However, there was a recognizable trend towards the informed consent (Culhane et al., 2012). A case between Salgo and Leland Stanfors Jr. University Board of Trustees clearly provided a clear indication of the court resistance and struggle to adopt the autonomous approach rather than the physician paternalism (Culhane et al., 2012). The jury argued that the patient has the right to information of any risk associated with a practice. However, they argued for the physician in the sense that he/she is placed in a position to make choices that prot ect the patient. In the UK, like in the US, there is a growing shift from the traditional approach of the Bolam test to a patient-centered approach (Culhane et al., 2012, p. 567). In the Bolam case, the argument is that a physician is legally correct is acting according to the standard accepted in medicine. The court ruling was that the doctor was not liable for practice violations if the practice did not require disclosure of the risks of its application (Culhane et al., 2012, p. 568). Another similarity is the initial reliance on some degree of â€Å"professional standard of disclosure in their informed consent doctrine (Culhane et al., 2012, p. 579). As noted in above the

How Procter and Gamble Moved to Electronic Documents Free Essays

The Business Problem PG faced problems managing the vast amounts of paper required for a company that develops drugs and over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Regulatory issues, research and development (RD), and potential litigation generate even more paper documents and files. As a result, PG wanted to gain control of its company documents, reduce administrative oversight of its paper documents, reduce costs, accelerate RD initiatives, and improve tracking and signature compliance. We will write a custom essay sample on How Procter and Gamble Moved to Electronic Documents or any similar topic only for you Order Now PG decided to adopt an electronic document management system. When PG moved to electronic documents, it had to ensure that it could authenticate digital signatures and build signing and storage processes into its daily workflow. Further, PG’s legal department wanted to ensure that it had a legally enforceable signature on file. The IT Solution PG turned to IT integrator Cardinal Solutions (www. cardinalsolutions. com) to implement Adobe LiveCycle Reader Extensions and Adobe LiveCycle PDF Generator (www. adobe. com), which would function with PG’s eLab Notebook program. These software packages would manage, review, approve, and sign the huge volume of RD information, including files created with Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. PG adopted the pharmaceutical industry’s Signatures and Authentication for Everyone (SAFE) BioPharma Association standard. This standard was established to help companies go paperless and still interact with regulatory authorities on a global scale. PG’s initiative focused on implementing methods to manage digital signatures and creating a method to confirm the identity of the signer. The company’s IT and legal departments agreed that the standard met the company’s business needs and risk requirements. Instead of recording information from experiments in paper notebooks – along with numbering each page, signing it and having a witness sign it – researchers can now use word processing programs, spreadsheets, presentation software, and similar tools to generate project notes and other necessary documentation. After a researcher has collected all the data, LiveCycle PDG Generator creates a PDF document and prompts the person creating the file to add a digital signature. The system requires the use of a USB token for authentication. At that point, LiveCycle Reader Extensions embeds usage rights within the document. The Result Today, once a digital signature is added to a file, an auditor can immediately view the document and all activity related to the document. The auditor right-clicks on the signature and views the entire audit trail. The signature can also be appended as a last page of the file so that it can be shared externally when necessary, such as in a court of law. The system saves PG time and money. Researchers no longer have to spend several hours per week archiving paper files from their experiments. In addition, PG is able to quickly retrieve large volumes of data that may be needed for government regulators or business partners. PG projects that it will achieve tens of millions of dollars in productivity gains by using the system. The typical employee will save approximately 30 minutes of signing and archiving time per week.. How to cite How Procter and Gamble Moved to Electronic Documents, Papers

Investigatory Project Essay Sample free essay sample

The aim of the first portion of the survey was to happen the best ratio of ink utilizing C from used batteries and wood coal as pigments. The ink was evaluated on the footing of how much pigment is suspended in the mixture and their shelf life. The 2nd portion was aimed at the production of C paper. The best sorts of ink were tested on two mediums. voucher bond and onion tegument. They were besides tested for efficiency in footings of the figure of coatings needed. The C paper was evaluated on the footing of lucidity. spruceness of the print and general acceptableness. The concluding sample made usage of two coatings of the ink mixture utilizing C black. with voucher bond as the medium. The pigment ( carbon black ) to vehicle ( glycerin ) ratio of 1 g: 6 milliliter and 1 g: 7 milliliter was used utilizing C black as pigment with glycerin as vehicle. Although the commercial bond paper has better quality. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigatory Project Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page since it uses more technologically advanced methods. the usage of the experimental C paper was acceptable. INTRODUCTION Carbon paper has many utilizations. It has a high demand in schools. offices and other establishments. The ink used in the production of commercial C paper is expensive due to its high production costs. Because of its high cost and increasing demand. there arises a demand for a cheaper replacement. The survey besides aims to assist cut down the jobs in disposing used batteries by be printed ; and ( 5 ) nature of pigment. Glycerol is syrupy and is easy absorbed by paper and. therefore. makes it a good vehicle. Burned wood is a good beginning of wood coal. Batteries have black atoms called black mix. which is chiefly composed of C black. acetylene black doing good usage of them. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Ink is a mixture of vehicle ( liquid constituent and dissolver ) . pigment ( colourising affair ) and other substances added to leave particular qualities such as a binder. Carbon is normally used as pigment because of its low oil soaking up. easiness of scattering and low scratch to plate ware. Carbon is chemically inert and infusible at atmospheric force per unit area. which makes it an indispensable portion in the black pigment used in books. magazines. newspapers. C paper. etc. Two good beginnings of pigments that are carbonous in nature are wood coal and the black mix found in used batteries. These beginnings are much cheaper than the usual black pigments such as C black in black lead and carbon black. In order for the pigment to thoroughly dissolve with the vehicle. the pigment must be pulverized to really all right atoms. The pigment affects the belongingss of ink such as rubric and opacity. The vehicle on the other manus must accommodate the undermentioned conditions: ( 1 ) the printing system used ; ( 2 ) category and velocity ; ( 3 ) drying imperativeness required ; ( 4 ) category and texture of the surface to Coconut oil and dextrin were tested for their possible as ink binders. Harmonizing to the consequences. coconut oil was a better binder than dextrin. METHODOLOGY Black mix was obtained by opening the protective lodging of a drycell battery and exposing its C content. Then. the black mix was removed and land into really all right atoms utilizing a howitzer and stamp. Afterwards. it was sieved through a all right screen to obtain the finest consistence. On the other manus. wood coal was besides finely pulverized. It was so assorted with H2O and placed in a one-litre beaker. The mixture was allowed to settle for two yearss inside the covered and manganese dioxide. The Cs obtained from both beginnings are carbonous in nature. doing them good beginnings of black pigm ent. After two yearss. the wood coal pigments were heated to let vaporization of extra wet. In fixing the ink. the wood coal and C black pigments were combined with glycerin ( vehicle ) and coconut oil ( binder ) in different proportions runing from 1 g: 10 milliliter: 1 milliliter ( pigment: vehicle: binder ratio ) to 2 g: 14 milliliter: 2 milliliter. The solution was exhaustively assorted utilizing a stirring rod until wholly dispersed. Finally. the mixture was heated for five ( 5 ) proceedingss under medium heat and was allowed to chill down before rating. The best ratio utilizing each pigment was so compared to find which ink is more suited for C paper production. The samples were RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The onion paper appeared to be excessively thin to be used as a medium because it has the inclination to be torn even after one coating. The voucher bond was proven to be the better option. It takes five ( 5 ) proceedingss for a solution with a ratio of 1 gm ( pigment ) : 6 milliliter ( vehicle ) to dry up. The solution with a ratio of 1g: 7 milliliters took six ( 6 ) proceedingss to dry. The sample which used two coatings was proven to be most practical. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The experimental C paper is acceptable plenty to be used as a replacement for commercial C paper. The experiment was able to turn out that the pigment obtained from battery C is better and cheaper than those from wood coal. Evaluated for smoothness. consistence. and soaking up. The ink samples. runing from one to four coatings. were applied on the onion tegument and voucher bond. The different C documents were tested and observed for their drying clip. soundness and lucidity of print. After finding the best sample. a study was conducted on 20 pupils utilizing the experimental C paper and a commercial C paper. Research workers: Jonas Don Castelo Lloyd Gonzales Marcelino Quito. Jr. Miss Juanita Cruz Research Adviser Note: No portion of this article may be used or reproduced in any signifier whatsoever without written permission from the Philippine Science High School. Diliman. Quezon City. except in the instance of brief commendation as embodied in the Torahs of scientific articles and reappraisals.

None_provided Essays (284 words) - Stith, Job Interview, Free Essays

None_provided Essays (284 words) - Stith, Job Interview, Free Essays None_provided This book is an in-depth look at contemporary American popular music and the kind of musicianship that is appropriate to it. Stith attempts to explain dynamics of rock musicians by studying how the skills, ideas, and human identities associated with this population manage to be created and transmitted in the context of industrialized culture. In addition, he is trying to examine how musicians begin to take on and are characterized by that identity. Stith is interested with this phenomenon because these people were not successful or had not received a record contract, yet their identities remained intact. Stith gathered his data through six years of sporadic field study throughout Colorado, Illinois, Washington, California, Missouri, and southern France. He used both observational and interview methods in his study, however, it was participant observation that was used as a primary data-gathering technique. He presented himself as a musician and indicated in some form that he was interested in forming a group. At times he presented himself as a performer, other times as a role organizer, yet never hiding the fact that he was involved in social research. His secondary data-gathering technique was that he conducted several informal interviews with several members of these rock groups that he was associated with. These interviews were conducted during down-times, usually times where the group was hanging out, eating, traveling, etcetera. The size of the sample Stith studied and the ways in which the data-gathering techniques were administered differed from group to group, usually because his role within the population wasnt always constant. The interview questions that were asked were hardly ever uniform, they were administered differently to suit different individuals in specific situations.

High School vs College 15 Key Differences

High School vs College 15 Key Differences SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you about to start college soon? Are you wondering what changes to expect? How is college different from high school?When you compare high school vs college, you’ll find many differences, some of which are obvious, others less so. It’s important to understand how high school and college are different from each other so you know what to expect and can have a smoother transition when you begin college.In this guide, we explain the 15 most important differences between high school and college and give you tips to help make this major life change a bit less intimidating. How Is College Different From High School? There’s a reason so many movies, shows, and books focus on new college students: many people see the transition from high school to college as one of the most important turning points in their life.You’re no longer a kid living under your parents’ roof; instead you’re an adult living on your own and expected to make real, important decisions about your future. You’ll have a lot more freedom, but a lot will also be expected from you, both in class and out. Read on to learn specific high school vs college differences. High School vs College: 15 Key Differences Below are 15 high school vs college differences you’ll likely encounter once you begin college. There are pros and cons to both high school and college, but knowing what to expect will make you better prepared for this big change. #1: You’ll Have More Independence The biggest change for high school vs. college is that, in college, you’ll have much more independence than you had in high school. Many people focus on the fact that you’ll be living away from your parents, and this is a part of it, but you’ll have independence in many other areas as well. You’ll have the freedom to decide what you want to major in, which classes you want to take, when you want to schedule those classes, if you want to go out with your friends, how late you want to stay out, even what you want to eat in the dining hall. (I ate Reese’s Puffs cereal every day for four years because my parents never allowed it and I was thrilled to finally be able to have it for breakfast.) #2: You’ll Be Treated Like an Adult Along with your increased independence, you’ll also be treated like an adult in college as opposed to a child under your parents’ care. In college, you’ll no longer need to bring your parents permission slips to sign, you’ll be trusted to make your own choices for what you want to study, and you can arrange meetings yourself, without Mom and Dad helping you. For many students, it’s exciting to finally be viewed as an adult, but it also means an increase in responsibilities. If you have a problem with or question about homework, classes, a grade you got, etc.,you are the one who will need to solve it. You can’t expect your parents to call the school and fix the problem for you like they may have done in high school. #3: There Will Be a Wider Variety of Classes to Choose From In high school, you didn’t have a lot of choice in regards to which classes you took. You could probably choose a few electives, but your schedule was mostly filled with the standard math, science, English, and social studies requirements that all students had to take. In college, even if you attend a smaller school, you’ll have many more options. They’ll be a wider variety of classes to choose from, and many of them will focus on more specific topics like astronomy, ancient Roman history, French literature, the geography of the United States, and more.Many college students like this increase in class options since it makes it easier for them to choose classes on topics they’re really interested in. #4: Classes Will Have Different Formats and Sizes Each class you took in high school probably had about the same number of students and consisted mostly of lecturing, maybe along with some individual or group work. This isn’t true in college.Classes can range from two to 500 students, and their format can vary widely as well. Classes may be completely lecture-based, require hands-on lab work, or be discussion-based where you spend most of class time engaged in conversations or debates with your classmates and professor. #5: Your Schedule Will Be More Complicated In high school, school started and ended the same time every day, and your class schedule was probably the same for every day of the week.In college, things get a little trickier. Some classes meet three times a week for an hour and a half, some meet five times a week for an hour, some meet once a week for three hours, etc.This means you’ll likely be starting and ending class at different times during the week, and you may end up with a different class schedule for every day of the week. Some people like the variety this gives them, but it’s important to stay on top of your schedule so you don’t wind up forgetting to attend class. #6: You’ll Have a New Set of Classmates One of the most jarring things for many new college students is they’re no longer surrounded by classmates and friends they’ve known for years. Instead, you’ll be in a sea of strangers (at least at first), many of whom come from different areas and backgrounds than you. Additionally, you'll likely have a different set of classmates for each of your classes. That's a lot of new faces! This means you have lots of opportunity for making all kinds of friends, but expect there to be some awkwardness and loneliness at first as everyone gets to know each other and figures out their friend groups.Additionally, since in college everyone wants to be there (at least on some level), you may find your college classmates more motivated and dedicated to doing well in school compared to some of your high school peers. #7: Classes Will Require More Critical Thinking Is college hard compared to high school? Going to college isn’t just like attending four more years of high school. This is a big step up in your education, and your classes will be more challenging and expect you to keep up.You’ll be tested less on memorization and basic regurgitation of facts and more on critical thinking skills and being able to apply what you learned in class to other situations. You may learn a specific math equation and then be asked to apply that knowledge to more challenging types of equations, learn about different historical events and be asked to analyze how they affected future events, learn a scientific process and be asked to describe how it affects the environment, etc. #8: College Costs More There’s no way around it; college definitely costs more than high school. Tuition is thousands of dollars, and you’ll likely be paying for room and board as well. And those are just the main costs. College requires all sorts of smaller purchases too, like special goggles for your chemistry lab or official test taking booklets for final exams. Buying just one college textbook (often over $100) is enough to never let you take for granted all free materials you got in high school. #9: You’ll Spend Less Time in Class Most full-time college students spend about 15-20 hours in class a week, which comes out to about three or four hours a day. This is probably much less time than you spent in high school classes every day which means you’ll have a lot more unscheduled time to spend how you think is best. #10: You’ll Have More Schoolwork Don’t get too excited about spending less time in class; college definitely knows how to keep you busy. The general rule of thumb is that you’ll spend about three hours a week on schoolwork for every one hour of class you’re in. With a standard schedule of 15 credits, that means you can expect to spend 45 hours a week on schoolwork, about as much as a full-time job!This is often much more work than students had in high school, so you should be prepared for an adjustment. #: Attendance Will Be Up to You In high school, you had to go to class every day because if you didn’t, you could get in trouble for truancy or (sometimes even more frightening) your parents could find out.In college, there are no requirements for attending class, and no one is going to call your parents if you don’t show up.However, don’t make the mistake some college students do and think this means you don’t need to go to class. Many professors include attendance as part of your grade, and some will even fail you if you miss a certain number of classes without a valid excuse. Plus, it’s often very difficult to do well in a class if you never show up, and you’re paying a lot of money for these classes! Make sure you get the most out of them that you can. #12: You’ll Have More Social Opportunities Even if you were a social butterfly in high school, you’ll have tons more opportunities to be social and make friends in college. There will be sports teams to join, parties to go to, clubs you can be part of, and more.Most colleges are large enough to have something for everyone, so you’re bound to find an activity you’re interested in, whether that’s a recreational hockey team, the student government group, a club focused on promoting renewable energy, and more. There are also likely many more students at your college than there were at your high school, so your opportunities for making friends will multiply as well. However, you do need to make an effort to get the most out of these opportunities. Push yourself to try new things and strike up conversations with new people, and if you're feeling nervous, just remember that they're likely feeling the same way. Standard questions to ask new people you meet in college include: Where are you from? What dorm do you live in? What are you majoring in? Get ready to ask and be asked these questions a lot! #13: It’ll Be Harder to Stand Out Once you start college, you won’t be a big fish in a small pond anymore, and it’ll be harder to stand out from the crowd.While in high school you may have been the star student/athlete/singer, in college you’ll be surrounded by many talented classmates, many of whom were also the best at something in high school.Some students struggle with no longer automatically standing out, but there are plenty of benefits to this. First, you’ll be able to bond with other students who are also skilled at your talent. If you were, say, the star drama student at your high school, you may not hold the same position in college, but you can befriend all the other high school drama stars and create some awesome shows together. Additionally, some students like the anonymity being a new college student brings. If you’ve been labelled as a jock or theater nerd for all of high school, going to collegewhere people don’t know youallows you to shed or alter that identity if you wish and try new things (or try the same things with less pressure). #14: You’ll Get Fewer Grades in Class In high school, you probably had daily homework assignments you had to complete and got a grade for. These, along with some larger projects, quizzes, and tests made up your final class grade. If you got a low score in one, it was usually fine since there were plenty of other chances to make up for the low grade. Once you start college, you may find that many classes have far fewer assignments, meaning you’ll receive fewer grades and each of those grades are worth more.Instead of regular homework assignments and quizzes, many college classes are based only on a midterm grade and a final grade. This means you need to take those exams/papers/projects very seriously because if you mess up on one of them it’ll be very hard to raise your class grade back to where you want it to be. #15: You’ll Be Doing Lots of Reading You know those pictures of exhausted-looking students sitting next to a pile of textbooks they need to get through? That’s how many college students feel.Expect to do lots of reading in college, including textbooks, journal articles, and literature.If you’re majoring in a field like computer science or math you can expect less reading (and more homework), but you’re still guaranteed to have at least a few classes where you’re assigned to read a couple dozen textbook pages before the next class. You’ll get to know your school’s library very well. Tips for Making the Transition From High School to College Going from high school to college can be tough no matter how excited you are to start at your new school. Below are three tips to help make the transition easier. Know There Will Be Changes You’ve already taken one of the most important steps to prepare for transitioning from high school to college: you’re expecting and preparing for the differences.When you know that the high school to college transition will bring major changes, you'll be more prepared for anything that comes your way. Be Prepared for Some Bumps Many movies about college make it seem like new college students immediately find a group of close friends, know exactly what they want to study, and have an awesome social life. In reality, it rarely works like this.Many new college students have moments where they feel awkward, lonely, and homesick. This is completely normal; after all you’re making a major life change. By managing your expectations of college and not expecting to love it right away, you can better manage the transition from high school to college and not end up disappointed when it takes a little while to feel comfortable. Put Yourself Out There When you first start college, there will be a lot of changes, and it’ll be easy to hang out in your dorm room and text with your high school friends. However, you should resist this urge. College is probably the best time you’ll ever have to meet new people and try new things, so you should take full advantage. Keep your dorm room door open to meet your neighbors. Strike up a conversation with your chemistry lab partner. Join a club or sport you’ve never tried before.Not only will this make the transition from high school to college easier since you’ll be meeting more people, you may discover a new friend or hobby. What's Next? Not sure which college you want to go to? Check out our guide on choosing the right college so you can make the best decision. Stressing over college applications? We're here to help! Our step-by-step guide breaks down the complete college application process from start to finish. Worried about choosing a major on your college applications? Learn how to navigate the process and make an informed decision. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

FIN CASE STUDY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FIN - Case Study Example Other nations have invested heavily in China due to their best known expertise on electrical gadgets including motors. With the china transition, the growth and efficiency was associated with the rapid increase of the factors China had without associating the ownership institutional factors while the World Bank was able to use financial institutions in developing its strategy. 2. The Chinese people lost their investments during the Second World War shuttering down their dreams of developing globalization. Shiseido organization was able to establish businesses in countries outside china by expanding them to Europe and North America. The market conditions affected the business which was different from their normal conditions. The introduction of the foreign firms also led to the loss in the market share of China. Shiseido was quite clever by the fact that they built Auples, women cosmetic brands that boosted Chinese women. It later led to the construction of a larger network that increased the Chinese stores. 3. In my opinion, the regulations focus on the variables that lead to financial crisis in all the cases are unemployment and inflation. Other causes can be indebtedness with the various liabilities that are both private and foreign. There is also a crisis of currency that affects the banking in both the cases that leads to the introduction of the banking regulations. Most of the emerging countries have a vulnerability to the crisis that is caused by large liabilities that overflows the capital in question. On the other hand, the rules and regulations can be advantageous by changing the banking system that will generate more income and reduce the inflation and employment problems. With the economic contagion, there should be an introduction of more job careers with stable terms and conditions. This will enable the economies to reduce inflation. The government body should come in and impose revenue

Organisational Ethics in OPEN24 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organisational Ethics in OPEN24 - Essay Example For a company organization is a means to an end in order to achieve its goals. In this sense, organizations can be distinguished into two fundamentally different sets of objectives: The team of financial advisors is highly focused, trained up and very aggressive sellers, they concentrate on non walk-in customers and their objective is the selling of business loans. Increasing competition in the marketplace combined with rather draconian cultural internal problems such as bureaucracy, poor communication, and perceived lack of personal job advancement possibilities has led the employees to high levels of frustration many times in the past. 'All organisations begin with some sort of Vision, an initial spark which causes its creation. The organisation's Vision is essentially the dream which unites a core group of people and inspires them to try and make the dream a reality.' We can say that Open24 has a vision on what it wants to achieve in the near future. All employees work towards these visions and indeed if they work as group, then there is no reason as to why they should not achieve their organisational goals. Open24 organisation's pur...'All organisations begin with some sort of Vision, an initial spark which causes its creation. The organisation's Vision is essentially the dream which unites a core group of people and inspires them to try and make the dream a reality.' We can say that Open24 has a vision on what it wants to achieve in the near future. All employees work towards these visions and indeed if they work as group, then there is no reason as to why they should not achieve their organisational goals. (Ping, 1996)Â   Open24 organisation's purpose grew from their vision and in articulating its mission; they should have stated how it will seek to bring the vision to reality. 'It is stating what its 'Unique reason for being' is, and what the values are that will give meaning to its purpose.' (Ping, 1996) When it comes to organisational ethics, it is here in the mission statement that the seed is planted which gives rise to the 'shared set of beliefs' that will determine the organisation's climate of opinion. (Ping, 1996)Â   The main problems that the department faces and can prevent from the above mentioned plans are the following: Strict Management that creates employee dissatisfaction thus, high employee turnover ratio.Poor communication. Internal competition between OPEN 24 and the main net of Eurobank's branches. Â